"Vitamina" : Diffirenzi ntrê virsioni

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Li vitamini idrusulùbbili sunnu vilocimenti escreti e difficirmenti assurbiti: ppi chissu, eni mpurtanti nutricàrisi cu cibi ca contèninu cunsistenti quantitati di chissi cumposti di jornu n jornu. Multi vitamini idrusulùbbili sunnu sintitizzati da [[batteriu|batteri]].
 
===Lista di vitamini nti l'omu===
 
Agni vitamina eni tipicamenti usata n diversi riazzioni, e ppi chissu havi sparaggî funzioni.
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
|-
! style="width:15%;"|Vitamin generic<br> descriptor name
! style="width:125px;"|[[Pruvitamini]] (lista nun cumpreta)
! style="width:75px;"|[[Sulubbilitati]]
! class="unsortable" style="width:150px;"|[[Dosi giurnaliera cunsigghiata]]<br>(pô màsculu di 19–70 anni d'etati)<ref name="RDA">[http://iom.edu/en/Global/News%20Announcements/~/media/Files/Activity%20Files/Nutrition/DRIs/DRISummaryListing2.ashx Dietary Reference Intakes: Vitamins] The National Academies, 2001.</ref>
! class="unsortable" style="width:200px;"| Malatìi di dificienzi
! class="unsortable" style="width:100px;"|Upper Intake Level<br> (UL/day)<ref name="RDA"/>
! class="unsortable" style="width:250px;"| Overdose disease
|-
! [[Vitamin A]]
| [[Retinol]], [[retinal]], and<br>four [[carotenoid]]s <br>including [[beta carotene]]
| Fat
| '''900&nbsp;µg'''
| [[Night-blindness]], [[Hyperkeratosis]], and [[Keratomalacia]]<ref name="GOVa">[http://dietary-supplements.info.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamina.asp Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Fact Sheets Vitamin A]</ref>
| 3,000&nbsp;µg
| [[Hypervitaminosis A]]
|-
! [[Thiamine|Vitamin B<sub>1</sub>]]
| [[Thiamine]]
| Water
| '''1.2&nbsp;mg'''
| [[Beriberi]], [[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome]]
| N/D<ref>N/D= "Amount not determinable due to lack of data of adverse effects. Source of intake should be from food only to prevent high levels of intake"(see [http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/7/296/0.pdf Dietary Reference Intakes: Vitamins]).</ref>
| Drowsiness or muscle relaxation with large doses.<ref>{{cite web |title = Thiamin, vitamin B1: MedlinePlus Supplements| url = http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-thiamin.html|accessdate = 5 October 2009}}</ref>
|-
! [[Riboflavin|Vitamin B<sub>2</sub>]]
| [[Riboflavin]]
| Water
| '''1.3&nbsp;mg'''
| [[Ariboflavinosis]]
| N/D
|
|-
! [[Niacin|Vitamin B<sub>3</sub>]]
| [[Niacin]], [[niacinamide]]
| Water
| '''16.0&nbsp;mg'''
| [[Pellagra]]
| 35.0&nbsp;mg
| [[Liver]] damage (doses > 2g/day)<ref>{{cite book|editor=Hardman, J.G. ''et al.''|title=Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics|edition=10th|page=992}}</ref> and [[Niacin#Toxicity|other problems]]
|-
! [[Pantothenic acid|Vitamin B<sub>5</sub>]]
| [[Pantothenic acid]]
| Water
| 5.0&nbsp;mg<ref>Plain type indicates Adequate Intakes (A/I). "The AI is believed to cover the needs of all individuals, but a lack of data prevent being able to specify with confidence the percentage of individuals covered by this intake" (see [http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/7/296/0.pdf Dietary Reference Intakes: Vitamins]).</ref>
| [[Paresthesia]]
| N/D
| Diarrhea; possibly nausea and heartburn.<ref>{{cite web |title = Pantothenic acid, dexpanthenol: MedlinePlus Supplements|url = http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-vitaminb5.html|accessdate = 5 October 2009|publisher=MedlinePlus}}</ref>
|-
! [[Vitamin B6|Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>]]
| [[Pyridoxine]], [[pyridoxamine]], [[pyridoxal]]
| Water
| '''1.3–1.7&nbsp;mg'''
| [[Anemia]]<ref name="GOVb6">[http://dietary-supplements.info.nih.gov/factsheets/vitaminb6.asp Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Fact Sheets Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>]</ref> [[peripheral neuropathy]].
| 100&nbsp;mg
| Impairment of [[proprioception]], nerve damage (doses > 100&nbsp;mg/day)
|-
! [[Biotin|Vitamin B<sub>7</sub>]]
| [[Biotin]]
| Water
| 30.0&nbsp;µg
| [[Dermatitis]], [[enteritis]]
| N/D
|
|-
! [[Folic acid|Vitamin B<sub>9</sub>]]
| [[Folic acid]], [[folinic acid]]
| Water
| '''400&nbsp;µg'''
| style="text-align:left;"| [[Megaloblast]] and Deficiency during pregnancy is associated with [[birth defects]], such as [[neural tube]] defects
| 1,000&nbsp;µg
| May mask symptoms of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> deficiency; [[Folic acid#Overdose Risks|other effects]].
|-
! [[Vitamin B12|Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>]]
| [[Cyanocobalamin]], [[hydroxycobalamin]], [[methylcobalamin]]
| Water
| '''2.4&nbsp;µg'''
| [[Megaloblastic anemia]]<ref name="GOVb12">[http://dietary-supplements.info.nih.gov/factsheets/vitaminb12.asp Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Fact Sheets Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>]</ref>
| N/D
| Acne-like rash [causality is not conclusively established].
|-
! [[Vitamin C]]
| [[Ascorbic acid]]
| Water
| '''90.0&nbsp;mg'''
| [[Scurvy]]
| 2,000&nbsp;mg
| [[Vitamin C megadosage]]
|-
! style="whitespace:nowrap;"|[[Vitamin D]]
| [[Ergocalciferol]], [[cholecalciferol]]
| Fat
| 5.0&nbsp;µg–10&nbsp;µg<ref>Value represents suggested intake without adequate sunlight exposure (see [http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/7/296/0.pdf Dietary Reference Intakes: Vitamins]).</ref>
| [[Rickets]] and [[Osteomalacia]]
| 50&nbsp;µg
| [[Hypervitaminosis D]]
|-
! [[Vitamin E]]
| [[Tocopherol]]s, [[tocotrienol]]s
| Fat
| '''15.0&nbsp;mg'''
|align="left"| Deficiency is very rare; mild [[hemolytic anemia]] in newborn infants.<ref name="Merck">[http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec12/ch154/ch154a.html The Merck Manual: Nutritional Disorders: Vitamin Introduction] Please select specific vitamins from the list at the top of the page.</ref>
| 1,000&nbsp;mg
| Increased congestive heart failure seen in one large randomized study.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0ISW/is_262/ai_n13675725|work=Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients|title=Does vitamin E cause congestive heart failure?|first=Alan R.|last=Gaby|year=2005}}</ref>
|-
! [[Vitamin K]]
| [[phylloquinone]], [[menaquinone]]s
| Fat
| 120&nbsp;µg
| [[Bleeding diathesis]]
| N/D
| Increases coagulation in patients taking [[warfarin]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Rohde LE, de Assis MC, Rabelo ER |title=Dietary vitamin K intake and anticoagulation in elderly patients |journal=Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=1–5 |year=2007|pmid=17143047 |doi=10.1097/MCO.0b013e328011c46c}}</ref>
|}
 
[[Catigurìa:Bioluggìa]]